The Ministry of Mines is the apex governing body of the Government of India responsible for the survey, exploration, and regulation of all minerals and non-ferrous metals. It excludes fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gases, as well as atomic minerals.
Key Responsibilities:
- Survey and Exploration: Conducts comprehensive mapping and mineral discovery processes.
- Legislative Administration: Administers the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act) to manage mining operations and sustainable development.
- Metallurgy and Control: Oversees the mining and production of non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, zinc, copper, lead, gold, and nickel.
Key Organizations and Enterprises:
The ministry achieves its goals through a network of attached offices, subordinate offices, and Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs):
- Geological Survey of India (GSI): The apex organization responsible for baseline data generation and mineral exploration.
- Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM): Focuses on the conservation, scientific development, and environmental protection of mineral resources.
- PSUs: Manages commercial operations through organizations like the National Aluminium Company Limited (NALCO), Hindustan Copper Limited (HCL), and Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited (MECL).